24,964 research outputs found
Sensitivity Studies for Third-Generation Gravitational Wave Observatories
Advanced gravitational wave detectors, currently under construction, are
expected to directly observe gravitational wave signals of astrophysical
origin. The Einstein Telescope, a third-generation gravitational wave detector,
has been proposed in order to fully open up the emerging field of gravitational
wave astronomy. In this article we describe sensitivity models for the Einstein
Telescope and investigate potential limits imposed by fundamental noise
sources. A special focus is set on evaluating the frequency band below 10Hz
where a complex mixture of seismic, gravity gradient, suspension thermal and
radiation pressure noise dominates. We develop the most accurate sensitivity
model, referred to as ET-D, for a third-generation detector so far, including
the most relevant fundamental noise contributions.Comment: 13 pages, 7 picture
Sensitivity studies for r-process nucleosynthesis in three astrophysical scenarios
In rapid neutron capture, or r-process, nucleosynthesis, heavy elements are
built up via a sequence of neutron captures and beta decays that involves
thousands of nuclei far from stability. Though we understand the basics of how
the r-process proceeds, its astrophysical site is still not conclusively known.
The nuclear network simulations we use to test potential astrophysical
scenarios require nuclear physics data (masses, beta decay lifetimes, neutron
capture rates, fission probabilities) for all of the nuclei on the neutron-rich
side of the nuclear chart, from the valley of stability to the neutron drip
line. Here we discuss recent sensitivity studies that aim to determine which
individual pieces of nuclear data are the most crucial for r-process
calculations. We consider three types of astrophysical scenarios: a traditional
hot r-process, a cold r-process in which the temperature and density drop
rapidly, and a neutron star merger trajectory.Comment: 8 pages, 4 figures, submitted to the Proceedings of the International
Nuclear Physics Conference (INPC) 201
Optimization and sensitivity studies of flight-path trajectories
The optimization of landing trajectories of the Boeing 737 is presented. The primary factor considered was the noise delivered to the population residing near an air terminal but passenger comfort, fuel consumption and time elapsed during the maneuver were also considered. A digital simulation of the aircraft, a noise model and a passenger comfort model, was completed. The digital simulation was made more efficient time-wise. A population model for an urban area was developed and the noise model was integrated into the population model. A steepest descent optimization algorithm was programmed. Some constant glide slope trajectories into an urban Airport were simulated and evaluated with respect to the performance index, and their ground track plotted
Parton Distribution Function sensitivity studies using electroweak processes at LHCb
We describe parton density function sensitivity studies, using muon final
states produced through the Drell-Yan process via W, Z or down to a
Q^2 of 10 GeV^2. This makes use of LHCb's unique ability to trigger on low
transverse momentum objects. Due to the forward acceptance of LHCb, x values
down to 2 10^{-6} can be probed, where with just 100 pb-1 of data, the gluon
PDF can improved up to 70%
Future Sensitivity Studies for Supersymmetry Searches at CMS at 14 TeV
The sensitivity for CMS searches for supersymmetry is evaluated in the
context of an upgraded LHC at a center-of-mass energy of 14 TeV and an
integrated luminosity of 300 fb-1. Results for several key searches for
supersymmetry are presented including direct and gluino-mediated stop and
sbottom production and electroweak production of supersymmetric particles.Comment: Presentation at the DPF 2013 Meeting of the American Physical Society
Division of Particles and Fields, Santa Cruz, California, August 13-17, 201
A global low order spectral model designed for climate sensitivity studies
A two level, global, spectral model using pressure as a vertical coordinate is developed. The system of equations describing the model is nonlinear and quasi-geostrophic. A moisture budget is calculated in the lower layer only with moist convective adjustment between the two layers. The mechanical forcing of topography is introduced as a lower boundary vertical velocity. Solar forcing is specified assuming a daily mean zenith angle. On land and sea ice surfaces a steady state thermal energy equation is solved to calculate the surface temperature. Over the oceans the sea surface temperatures are prescribed from the climatological average of January. The model is integrated to simulate the January climate
Ozone Response to Aircraft Emissions: Sensitivity Studies with Two-dimensional Models
Our first intercomparison/assessment of the effects of a proposed high-speed civil transport (HSCT) fleet on the stratosphere is presented. These model calculations should be considered more as sensitivity studies, primarily designed to serve the following purposes: (1) to allow for intercomparison of model predictions; (2) to focus on the range of fleet operations and engine specifications giving minimal environmental impact; and (3) to provide the basis for future assessment studies. The basic scenarios were chosen to be as realistic as possible, using the information available on anticipated developments in technology. They are not to be interpreted as a commitment or goal for environmental acceptability
A finite element based formulation for sensitivity studies of piezoelectric systems
Sensitivity Analysis is a branch of numerical analysis which aims to quantify the affects that variability in the parameters of a numerical model have on the model output. A finite element based sensitivity analysis formulation for piezoelectric media is developed here and implemented to simulate the operational and sensitivity characteristics of a piezoelectric based distributed mode actuator (DMA). The work acts as a starting point for robustness analysis in the DMA technology
Sensitivity studies for the cubic-kilometre deep-sea neutrino telescope KM3NeT
The observation of high-energy neutrinos from astrophysical sources would
substantially improve our knowledge and understanding of the non-thermal
processes in these sources, and would in particular pinpoint the accelerators
of cosmic rays. The sensitivity of different design options for a future
cubic-kilometre scale neutrino telescope in the Mediterranean Sea is
investigated for generic point sources and in particular for some of the
galactic objects from which TeV gamma emmission has recently been observed by
the H.E.S.S. atmospheric Cherenkov telescope. The effect of atmospheric
background on the source detection probabilities has been taken into account
through full simulation. The estimated event rates are compared to previous
results and limits from present neutrino telescopes.Comment: 4 pages, 1 figure, contribution of the 30th International Cosmic Ray
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